As soon as the vehicle gets close to an RSU, it delivers this rec

As soon as the vehicle gets close to an RSU, it delivers this recorded information to the RSU, which in turn collects information related to several vehicles and VILs and sends it to the central ITS station.The resulting advantages from the deployment of VIL are manifold. More roads than those currently equipped with a monitoring infrastructure (mainly induction loops) could be easily observed without requiring additional costs (i.e., nowadays only major urban cities can afford deploying and maintaining a monitoring infrastructure). VIL is a flexible and simple solution that incurs low communication overhead. VIL service is easily deployed using Context-Aware Messages (CAM) [4], standardized by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to improve safety and traffic efficiency in roads. Furthermore, other foreseen ITS services may share the same communication infrastructure (e.g., pollution management).The rest of this article is organized as follows. A brief review of ITS ETSI standardization is presented in Section 2. In Section 3 we detail our proposal, which is experimentally evaluated using a trace-driven simulator in Section 4, before concluding in Section 5.2.?BackgroundThe ETSI Technical Committee for Intelligent Transport Systems ETSI TC ITS [5] is currently developing a set of protocols and algorithms that define a harmonized communication system for European ITS applications. Different types of ITS stations (e.g., vehicles) are defined [6], which have the capability of communicating between them using different access technologies. In particular, the IEEE 802.11p [7] at the 5.9 GHz band, an amendment to the 802.11 protocol especially tailored for vehicular networking, is one of these access technologies.Vehicles can communicate with each other or with fixed roadside ITS stations (also called Roadside Units, RSUs) installed along roads. The roadside units, which are likely to be deployed uniformly along roads (e.g., using SOS posts), are usually connected to a wired network infrastructure (e.g., the Internet) and have a selleckchem Rapamycin wireless interface to communicate with vehicles. Through the continuous exchange of messages between vehicles (Vehicle-to-Vehicle or V2V communications), and between vehicles and infrastructure nodes (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure or V2I communications), real-time information about current road traffic conditions can be cooperatively collected and shared.According to ETSI standards, ITS stations, vehicles and RSUs periodically broadcast secure Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM) [4] to neighboring ITS stations that are located within a single hop distance. CAMs are distributed using 802.11p and provide information of presence, positions as well as basic state of communicating ITS stations (e.g., current acceleration, occupancy of the vehicle, current heading of the vehicle, ��).

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