To explore if DHEA modulates

DA and 5-HT metabolism we analyzed the content of both neurotransmitters and their metabolites in the rat corpus striatum (CS) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) 2 h after steroid administration (30, 60 and 120 mg/kg i.p.). DHEA treatment significantly reduced DA turnover(up to 33%) in the CS, but increased 5-HT turnover(up to 76%) in both regions. Those effects could be relevant to mood and neurodegenerative disorders. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: Videourodynamics is useful for evaluating and treating neurological disorders in children. Traditional urodynamic parameters can be obtained while simultaneous visualization of the urinary system can reveal anatomical AZD7762 clinical trial anomalies. This additional information comes at the cost of radiation exposure to the child. We characterized radiation exposure from videourodynamics.

Materials and Methods: We reviewed all recent videourodynamic studies and recorded patient demographics, urological diagnoses, physical attributes, total fluoroscopy time, total radiation exposure in mGy, bladder capacity and the number of filling cycles performed. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify patient factors that independently influenced total radiation

exposure.

Results: A total of 64 videourodynamic studies were performed in 34 female and 28 male patients with a mean age of 8.6 years (95% CI 7.2-10.0). The most common diagnosis was neurogenic bladder in 40 patients, although 49 had multiple diagnoses. Mean total fluoroscopy time Rigosertib chemical structure was 1.8 minutes (95% CI 1.4-2.1) and mean total radiation exposure was 10 mGy (95% CI 7.5-13.3). On multivariate linear regression patient weight and bladder capacity were

the only independent predictors of total radiation exposure.

Conclusions: Videourodynamics entail significant radiation exposure. Patient weight and bladder capacity were independent predictors of total radiation exposure. Clomifene Physician awareness of radiation exposure may result in the judicious use of fluoroscopy and aid in counseling parents on the risk of videourodynamics. Further research is needed to quantify organ specific doses of radiation due to medical imaging in children and the associated cancer risks.”
“Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) can control neuronal excitability by modulating several ionic channels. In hippocampal pyramidal cells, groups I/II mGluR are located extrasynaptically, suggesting that their endogenous activation is dependent on the glutamate clearance rate and therefore on excitatory amino-acid transporters (EAAT) efficiency. Deficiency of glutamate uptake can generate seizures in rodents and has been suggested as a mechanism of seizure generation in some human epileptic syndromes. However, the cellular mechanisms linking EAAT dysfunction and pathological cortical activities remain elusive.