In this way, the performance of B2B-RMC is directly compared to accept/reject navigator gating and motion free acquisitions using an identical sequence. A right coronary artery imaging

protocol was performed on 10 healthy subjects (5 female, 22–53 years old) recruited with informed consent according to local ethics procedures. The longest right coronary rest period was first determined from a cine acquisition in a plane showing the four-chamber view [25]. All subsequent high-resolution imaging PD0332991 mouse was performed in this rest period. In-plane high-resolution right coronary acquisitions were planned from a 3D balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) whole-heart study with navigator-based respiratory gating. The imaging plane was planned by selecting three points on the right coronary artery in the whole-heart volume and verified by acquiring a rapid, 2D navigator gated bSSFP image. A targeted 3D high-resolution acquisition was then performed using the 3D spiral Talazoparib cost B2B-RMC acquisition. In addition, a standard 3D navigator gated bSSFP (nav-bSSFP) acquisition with T2 preparation [26] was also performed with the same spatial resolution. While a three-way comparison between the 3D spiral

with B2B-RMC, the 3D spiral with navigator gating and the standard nav-bSSFP acquisition would have been preferable, two navigator gated 3D acquisitions could not be acquired within a reasonable duration. Consequently, we chose to compare 3D spiral B2B-RMC with nav-bSSFP as this is currently the most widely used MR coronary artery imaging technique. Both techniques are described below. The B2B-RMC technique that was used in this study is similar to that described by Keegan et al. [24] and is shown in Fig. 2. In each cardiac cycle, a low-resolution acquisition consisting of a 3D stack of spirals with

binomial fat selective excitation (FE) was acquired immediately before a segment of a high-resolution 3D stack of spirals acquisition with binomial water selective excitation (WE). A traditional crossed-pair diaphragmatic navigator immediately followed the high-resolution Thiamine-diphosphate kinase segment. Navigator information was used to reject data acquired at only very extreme respiratory locations. These were defined as those diaphragm positions falling more than 10 mm outside of the normal tidal respiratory range which was determined in a ∼30 s navigator scout acquisition. The low-resolution 3D acquisition consisted of eight single-shot center-out spirals with through-plane (kz) phase encoding and six-eighths partial Fourier in kz, resulting in six acquired spirals. The order of acquisition was reverse-centric so that data closest to the center of kz-space were acquired temporally close to the start of the high-resolution data acquisition.