Conclusion: Our results indicate differences in cerebral activation patterns due to different perceptions of high-calorie food images, modulated by feelings of hunger or satiety, among AN patients with modulation by subjective ratings of food valence. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) strains containing mutations in the virion host shutoff (vhs) protein are attenuated for replication compared with wild-type virus in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). However, CDK inhibitor HSV-2 vhs mutants replicate to near wild-type levels in the absence of the RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). PKR is one of several kinases that phosphorylates

the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2 alpha) to inhibit translation initiation, and we previously found that more of the phosphorylated form of eIF2 alpha accumulates in MEFs infected with HSV-2 vhs mutants than with wild-type virus. Here, we show that this increase in phosphorylated eIF2 alpha is primarily PKR dependent. Using selleck chemical MEFs expressing nonphosphorylatable eIF2 alpha, we demonstrate that phosphorylated eIF2 alpha is the primary cause of attenuated replication of HSV-2 vhs mutants and that attenuation correlates with decreased accumulation of viral proteins. Normally, HSV antagonizes eIF2 alpha phosphorylation through the action of

ICP34.5, which redirects protein phosphatase 1 alpha (PP1 alpha) to dephosphorylate eIF2 alpha during infection. We show that ICP34.5 does not accumulate efficiently in MEFs infected with HSV-2 vhs mutant viruses, suggesting that the accumulation of phosphorylated eIF2 alpha and the attenuated phenotype of HSV-2 vhs mutants in MEFs result from a deficiency in ICP34.5.”
“Introduction: Pharmacogenetic factors may explain some of the interindividual variability of response to antidepressants in depressed patients. We focused on P-glycoprotein (P-GP), whose expression depends on a functional polymorphism of the ABCB1 gene (C3435T variants: dbSNP: rs1045642), the 3435CC

genotype being linked Doxorubicin clinical trial to a high level of P-GP expression. Acting as an efflux pump at the blood-brain barrier, P-GP reduces the intracellular penetration of many drugs. Little is known about the interaction between P-GP and response to antidepressants. The objective of this study is to assess whether the response to antidepressants in depression differs in patients with the 3435CC genotype as compared to patients with the 3435CT and 3435TT genotypes. Methods: 117 in-patients with a major depressive episode requiring a new antidepressant treatment were enrolled in this prospective naturalistic 4-week study. Response to antidepressants was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Clinician Global Impression Improvement and Therapeutic Index, and weight change. ABCB1 genotyping was performed using the Taqman method.