An accurate and early diagnosis is essential for efficient management of PCa [23–25]. Therefore, to complement improvements in the clinical management, substantial progress in the diagnostic pathway of PCa is urgently

needed [26–28]. So evaluation of the expression and role of potential proteins LY294002 in PCa is required for defining molecular and cellular factors associated with PCa aggressiveness and therapy resistance, developing more effective therapeutic interventions, and identifying novel PCa biomarkers. Our previous reports indicated that NUCB2 mRNA was upregulated in PCa tissues [29, 30]. The data revealed that NUCB2 mRNA may be an independent prognostic factor for BCR-free survival in patients with PCa [29, 30]. To date, the associations between NUCB2 protein overexpression and the prognosis of PCa have not been reported. This is the first study to investigate the impact of NUCB2 protein overexpression on the prognosis of PCa based on a relatively large number of clinical samples. In this study, we analyzed NUCB2 protein expression Selleck Poziotinib in 180 patients with PCa using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated, here, that NUCB2 is overexpressed in a large

proportion of patients with PCa and high NUCB2 protein expression correlated with the disease progression and poor clinical outcome in PCa. Furthermore, NUCB2 proved to be an independent molecular biomarker of prognosis in PCa and may become a novel molecular target in the strategies for the prognosis of this disease. We analyzed the association between NUCB2 protein expression and traditional clinicopathogical characteristics in PCa. We observed that the NUCB2 protein levels were significantly higher in PCa tissues compared to those in Janus kinase (JAK) BPH tissues. We also found that expression of NUCB2 protein expression was significantly associated with seminal vesicle invasion, the higher level of preoperative PSA, positive lymph node metastasis, the positive angiolymphatic invasion, BCR, and the higher Gleason score. These

observations support the hypothesis that NUCB2 may function as an oncogene in PCa and that NUCB2 may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of PCa. The data showed that NUCB2 protein overexpression was associated with poor overall and BCR-free survival. These results suggest that high NUCB2 protein expression plays an important role in the progression of PCa and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis independently of other factors. This raises the possibility that NUCB2 may be a prognostic parameter for PCa that is as or more reliable than the clinicopathologic factors currently in use and suggests the possibility to use NUCB2 in individualization of both patient prognosis and therapy. In the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the BCR-free survival period of patients with PCa with high NUCB2 protein expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with low NUCB2 expression.