Despite conventional and empirical treatments, the patient developed progressive neurological deterioration leading to death. Autopsy showed Primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS) with predominant cranial neuropathy, spinal cord involvement

and extensive myelomalacia. “
“Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. They are usually benign and slowly growing; however, they may show histologically malignant features categorizing them into grade II or III of World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Rhabdoid meningioma (RM) is an uncommon meningioma variant categorized as WHO grade III. The clinical course of RM is determined by local recurrences, invasion of adjacent brain and/or dura, widespread leptomeningeal

dissemination, remote EPZ-6438 solubility dmso metastases and fatal clinical outcome. Herein we report a case with recurrent aggressive left occipital parasagittal region RM in which the patient initially declined radiation treatment. The tumor was resected four times in 5 years. Histopathological examination revealed a rhabdoid meningioma with metaplastic, papillary and chordoid differentiation. Six months after her fourth operation the patient died of progressive disease. RM is a rare subtype of malignant meningioma and the role of different adjuvant therapeutic options are still unknown. Clinical presentation, radiological features and pathologic findings of this uncommon tumor are discussed. “
“K. Morgan (2011) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology37, 353–357 The three new pathways leading to Alzheimer’s disease Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) promise a significant impact on the understanding of late-onset Alzheimer’s Ponatinib disease (LOAD) as the genetic components have been estimated to account for 60–80% of the disease. The recent publication of results from large GWAS suggests that LOAD is now one of the best-understood complex disorders. Four recent large

LOAD GWAS have resulted in the identification of nine novel loci. These genes are CLU– clusterin, PICALM– phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein, CR1– complement receptor 1, BIN1– bridging integrator 1, ABCA7– ATP-binding cassette transporter, MS4A cluster – membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A, CD2AP– CD2-associated crotamiton protein, CD33– sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin and EPHA1– ephrin receptor A1. Collectively, these genes now explain around 50% of LOAD genetics and map on to three new pathways linked to immune system function, cholesterol metabolism and synaptic cell membrane processes. These three new pathways are not strongly linked to the amyloid hypothesis that has driven so much recent thinking and open up avenues for intensive research with regard to the potential for therapeutic intervention. “
“Materials from our first autopsied case of diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD), that was originally reported in 1976, were re-examined using recent immunohistochemical methods.