Each parameter was graded from 0 to 4. The colon surgeon and the pathologist were each blinded with regard to the individual group allocation history of the animals. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism version 4.00 for Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA. Parametric results are expressed as mean ± SEM and were compared using an unpaired t-test. Two-tailed p < 0.05 was considered as having a statistical significance. Results Three animals were excluded from the study because they died before the completion of the surgical procedure (1 control and 2 IR). One rat in the IR group also

died during the 7-day follow-up period (p > 0.05). Autopsy of this animal revealed an anastomotic leak and diffuse peritonitis. selleck products Among the animals that completed the follow-up period, anastomotic leak and Selleck Adavosertib a severe peritoneal reaction was observed in 3 animals within the IR cohort, and in 2 control animals. The anastomotic leak rate among IR animals (22.2%) was not statistically different in comparison to the controls [10.5% (p = 0.40)].

The anastomotic mean burst pressures also showed no statistically significant difference [150.6 ± 15.57 mmHg in the control group vs. 159.9 ± 9.88 mmHg in the IR group (p = 0.64)]. The specific distribution of individual burst pressures is displayed in Figure 1. More specifically, the burst pressures among the IR group display significantly less variance than the control group. The F test used to compare variances shows a significant difference (p = 0.025). To statistically compare histopathological results, 3 INCB024360 ic50 grades were assigned for both the inflammatory

process and chronic repair process for each animal. Student’s t-test comparing the means of sums and Fisher’s exact test comparing inflammation:repair ratios of the two groups revealed no significant Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase statistical differences. The acute inflammatory process in the IR group was similar to controls (p = 0.26), as was the chronic repair process (p = 0.88). There was also no significant difference between the inflammation:repair ratios in the two groups (p = 0.67). Figure 1 Colon anastomotic strength is reflected by burst pressure expressed by mmHg. Individual values and means are shown for the IR and control groups. The variance of distribution of burst pressures around the mean pressure is significantly smaller in the IR group compared to the control group (p = 0.025). Discussion The goal of this study was to examine the safety of colon anastomosis performed 24 hours after profound systemic ischemia-reperfusion injury.