For a case study, ZnO homoepitaxy and Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O (x=0.08,0.19) heteroepitaxy on a Zn-polar ZnO substrate were carried out. According to the surface damage-free property, high temperature growth with appropriate stoichiometry control enabled
the growth of ZnO homoepitaxial layers exhibiting a smooth surface morphology with 0.26 nm high monolayer atomic steps. Their tilt and twist mosaics reflecting the threading dislocation densities having screw and edge components were comparable to those of the substrate, being under the resolution limit (18 arcsec). The surface morphology and crystal mosaicity of pseudomorphic Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O (x <= 0.19) epilayers were quite similar to those of the ZnO underlayer. The luminescence spectra of the ZnO and Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O epilayers at 293 K exhibited a predominant near-band-edge emission and negligible broad emission bands due to deep levels. The results indicate that the growth mode of the HWPS method resembles that of molecular beam MK-2206 cost epitaxy methods. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3485600]“
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in women with stress urinary incontinence after a SPARC sling procedure. Methods: This is a long-term retrospective study. The study cohort consisted of 54 women: 46 were available for follow-up examination and 8 were contacted by telephone. Results: The median follow-up was 5.3 years. The QoL assessed by using a visual analogue scale improved significantly from 6.9 at baseline to 2.8. The IIQ-7 (Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-Short Form) general score decreased from an average of 56.7 at baseline to 17.5 at the follow-up investigation. Using the Patient Global Impression of Improvement questionnaire, 57.4% of women characterized themselves as very much better, 20.4%
as much better and 11.1% as a little better. Eighty-seven percent of women regarded themselves as satisfied, but 13% were dissatisfied with the outcome of the SPARC sling procedure. Conclusion: In this study a significant and stable long-term improvement in QoL could be observed in women undergoing SPARC sling procedure. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Background: The inverse relation between energy density (kcal/g) and energy cost (price/kcal) has been interpreted to suggest that produce ( fruit, vegetables) is more expensive than snacks ( cookies, chips).
Objective: The AZD1208 in vitro objective of this study was to show the methodologic weakness of comparing energy density with energy cost.
Design: The relation between energy density and energy cost was replicated in a random-number data set. Additionally, observational data were collected for produce and snacks from an online supermarket. Variables included total energy (kcal), total weight ( g), total number of servings, serving size (g/serving), and energy density (kcal/g). Price measures included energy cost ($/kcal), total price ($), unit price ($/g), and serving price ($/serving).