In 2003, enrolment was extended to infants (0–2 years). Detailed data on age, race, ethnicity, insurance, haemophilia severity and family history, mode of delivery, complications and treatment are collected. At the time of this report, more than 22 000 persons with bleeding MK 1775 disorders had been enrolled in the UDC of whom 1028 were <2 years of age. This report focuses on events occurring in the peri-and neonatal periods among

633 infants diagnosed with haemophilia within 1 month of age. Among the 633 babies, 30 newborns were diagnosed prenatally of whom 24 (80%) were born of carrier mothers. Among the 28 with data on delivery mode, 13 were delivered vaginally and 15 by caesarean SB431542 section (C-S). Five of the 30 newborns received factor concentrate within 24 h of birth; two for prophylaxis and three for a bleeding episode. In addition, two of the babies diagnosed prenatally did not get vitamin K after birth. Over the years the diagnosis of haemophilia is occurring at an increasingly earlier age with >50% of cases being diagnosed in the neonatal period and bleeding manifestations often leading to the diagnosis in 5–33% [17]. Table 1 shows the reasons for

diagnostic testing in the UDC data on newborns. Nearly one-half of the babies diagnosed in the neonatal period were born to carrier mothers and another fourth had some other family history. Controversy exists regarding the optimal mode of delivery in carrier mothers [18,19] and underscores the need for further study in this area, taking into consideration the risk for both the carrier mother and her

affected newborn. In the UDC newborn data, 44 (7%) newborns did not receive vitamin K at birth; similar to the rate we reported earlier [20]. The reasons for lack of vitamin K administration and its impact need further investigation. Among the newborns 60 (9.5%) received factor concentrates within 24 h of birth; in 48% of cases the factor was given for prophylaxis. In the UDC data, 278 (44%) 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 newborns had a bleeding episode by 1 month of age, a rate similar to that reported in other studies [21,22]. Table 2 lists the most common sites of first bleeding episodes. The incidence of symptomatic ICH in non-haemophilic newborns is 3.8/10 000 live births and subarachnoid haemorrhage is the most common site [23]. In preterm infants <32 weeks gestation, germinal matrix intraventricular haemorrhage is seen in 15–25%; 90% often occur in the first 3 days of birth [24]. However, Looney et al. [25] reported a 26% prevalence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-proven asymptomatic ICH in term newborns delivered by the vaginal route. The reported ICH incidence of 3.