Serial dilutions of infected plant extracts were tested using the new method, and the results

were compared with those obtained using a commercially available ELISA and real-time singleplex RT-PCR. The two real-time RT-PCR versions detected up to the same level of dilution and were at least 10,000 times more sensitive than the ELISA. In addition, 158 grapevine plants collected in a survey of the Protected Designation of Origin in Alicante, Spain were compared using the three methods. The results of the Fosbretabulin mw molecular methods were very similar, with only four discordant results, and both were able to detect many more infected plants than the. ELISA. The high prevalence of Grapevine fleck virus, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 and Grapevine fanleaf virus check details suggests that the main pathways of viral introduction are infected plant material that has escaped controls and/or uncontrolled traffic of propagating plant material. Real-time multiplex RT-PCR could be used to facilitate a better control of grapevine viruses. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The public’s level of mental health literacy remains low, despite growing access to information regarding mental illnesses. Because few measures exist to assess

the level of knowledge of mental illnesses in lay samples, the Multiple-Choice Knowledge of Mental Illnesses Test (MC-KOMIT) was developed, initially for use in a study involving police ID-8 officers, some of whom received 40 h of training focused on recognizing mental illnesses, using verbal de-escalation techniques, and making mental health referrals when appropriate. This report details the initial development of the 100 questions in the item bank and the eventual selection of the final 33 items that were retained. For these 33 items, internal consistency was

demonstrated, and test-retest reliability was examined among officers not in the mental health-related training who completed the test on Monday morning and again on Friday afternoon. Construct validity was examined by three hypothesis tests: the MC-KOMIT was sensitive to change related to the educational intervention, scores were significantly correlated with years of educational attainment, and officers reporting past or current treatment for a mental health problem scored higher than those without such a history. This initial report suggests that the MC-KOMIT may be useful in quantifying knowledge of mental illnesses in police officers and other diverse lay samples. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Active surveillance and diagnosis of the influenza pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1) have played a critical role in the effective control and prevention of the pandemic in China.