The generic type of Paraphaeosphaeria (P. michotii) is linked with Coniothyrium scirpi Trail (Webster 1955). The Coniothyrium complex is highly polyphyletic, and was subdivided into four groups by Sutton (1980), viz. Coniothyrium, Microsphaeropsis, Cyclothyrium and Cytoplea. Paraconiothyrium was introduced to accommodate Coniothyrium minitans W.A. Campb.

and C. sporulosum (W. Gams & Domsch) Aa, which are closely related to Paraphaeosphaeria based on 18S rDNA sequences phylogeny (Verkley et al. 2004). Morosphaeriaceae Based on the multigene phylogenetic analysis in this study, Asteromassaria is tentatively included in Morosphaeriaceae. Asteromassaria macrospora YM155 chemical structure is linked with Scolicosporium macrosporium (Berk.) B. Sutton, which is hyphomycetous. check details No anamorphic stages have been reported for other species of Morosphaeriaceae. Trematosphaeriaceae Three species from three different C646 in vitro genera were included in Trematosphaeriaceae, i.e. Falciformispora lignatilis, Halomassarina thalassiae and Trematosphaeria pertusa (Suetrong et al. data unpublished; Plate 1). Of these, only Trematosphaeria pertusa, the generic type of Trematosphaeria, produces hyphopodia-like structures on agar (Zhang et al. 2008a). Other families of Pleosporales

Amniculicolaceae Three anamorphic species nested within the clade of Amniculicolaceae, i.e. Anguillospora longissima (Sacc. & P. Syd.) Ingold, nearly Repetophragma ontariense (Matsush.) W.P. Wu and Spirosphaera cupreorufescens Voglmayr (Zhang et al. 2009a). Sivanesan (1984, p. 500) described the teleomorphic stage of Anguillospora longissima as Massarina sp. II, which fits the diagnostic characters of Amniculicola well. Thus this taxon may be another species of Amniculicola. Hypsostromataceae A Pleurophomopsis-like anamorph is reported in the subiculum of the

generic type of Hypsostroma (H. saxicola Huhndorf) (Huhndorf 1992). Lophiostomataceae The concept of Lophiostomataceae was also narrowed, and presently contains only Lophiostoma (Zhang et al. 2009a). Leuchtmann (1985) studied cultures of some Lophiostoma species, and noticed that L. caulium (Fr.) Ces. & De Not., L. macrostomum, L. semiliberum (Desm.) Ces. & De Not., Lophiostoma sp. and Lophiotrema nucula produced Pleurophomopsis anamorphic stages, which are similar to those now in Melanomma (Chesters 1938), but Lophiostoma and Melanomma has no proven phylogenetic relationship (Zhang et al. 2009a, b; Plate 1). Species of Aposphaeria have also been reported in Massariosphaeria (Farr et al. 1989; Leuchtmann 1984), but the polyphyletic nature of Massariosphaeria is well documented (Wang et al. 2007).