Thermal analysis found that the FR-treated selleck chemicals llc specimens without wet posttreatment showed two endothermic

peaks representing the phosphorylation of cellulose and acid-catalyzed dehydration. In addition, the treated fabrics showed some new characteristic peaks in their chemical structures; these were interpreted as carbonyl bands, CH(2) rocking bands, and CH(3) asymmetric and CH(2) symmetric stretching. The surface morphology of the FR-CL-PA-treated cotton specimens showed a roughened and wrinkled fabric surface with a high deposition of the finishing agent that had a lower breaking load and tearing strength, which resulted from the side effects of the CL used. However, the addition of a TiO(2) or nano-TiO(2) cocatalyst could compensate for the reduction in the tensile strength. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 267-278, 2011″
“Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of apical foramen widening on the healing of chronic periapical lesions in dogs’ teeth after root canal filling with Sealer 26 or Endomethasone.

Study design. JPH203 Forty root canals

of dogs’ teeth were used. After pulp extirpation, the canals were exposed to the oral cavity for 180 days for induction of periapical lesions, and then instrumented up to a size 55 K-file at the apical cemental barrier. In 20 roots, the cemental canal was penetrated and widened up to a size 25 K-file; in the other 20 roots, the cemental canal was preserved (no apical foramen widening). All canals received a calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing for 21 days and were filled with gutta-percha and 1 of the 2 sealers: group 1: Sealer 26/apical foramen widening; group 2: Sealer

26/no apical foramen widening; group 3: Endomethasone/apical foramen widening; group 4: Endomethasone/no apical foramen widening. The animals were killed after 180 days, and serial histologic sections from the roots were prepared for histomorphologic analysis. Scores were assigned according to preestablished histomorphologic parameters and analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results. Regarding new cementum formation, repair of cementum and bone resorption areas, presence of microorganisms, inflammatory cell Taselisib infiltrate and periodontal ligament conditions, significantly better periapical healing was obtained when foramen widening was done and Sealer 26 was used.

Conclusion. Apical foramen widening and calcium hydroxide-containing sealer were more favorable to the healing of chronic periapical lesions. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109:932-940)”
“We have isolated a recessive rice mutant, designated as indeterminate growth (ing), which displays creeping and apparent heterochronic phenotypes in the vegetative period with lanky and winding culms.